Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, progressive skin condition that causes boil-like lumps to form in areas with hair follicles and apocrine glands. These lumps may become inflamed and painful, though HS itself isn’t an infection — it’s the result of an ongoing inflammatory response in the body.
HS commonly appears in areas prone to sweat and friction, including the underarms, breasts, groin, inner thighs, buttocks, nape of the neck, and waistband area. Genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors may play a role, though the exact cause isn’t fully understood.
Identifying HS correctly and early is crucial for getting optimal care, easing symptoms, slowing disease progression, and supporting mental health.
Armpits The underarms are packed with hair follicles and apocrine glands. With HS, these follicles and glands may become clogged, allowing bacteria to grow and leading to inflamed, boil-like bumps. Skin-on-skin friction, clothing chafing, shaving, waxing, and the use of antiperspirants or deodorants can all clog or irritate sweat glands and hair follicles, potentially triggering a flare.
Breasts The breast area — including underneath and even on the areolae — is a common site for HS. Chafing from bras and other clothing can trap sweat and bacteria against the skin. The areolae contain apocrine glands and hair follicles that can become infected. Research also suggests sex hormones may play a role in HS, meaning hormonal shifts or imbalances could make breast tissue more prone to lesions, though more research is needed on this connection.
If you suspect you have HS, consult a dermatologist who can provide a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.